{"id":116,"date":"2022-12-31T20:20:28","date_gmt":"2022-12-31T20:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/?p=116"},"modified":"2022-12-31T20:21:43","modified_gmt":"2022-12-31T20:21:43","slug":"edisonun-ilk-deneyleri-ilk-buluslari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/edisonun-ilk-deneyleri-ilk-buluslari.html","title":{"rendered":"Edison’un \u0130lk Deneyleri \u0130lk Bulu\u015flar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Edison’un \u0130lk Deneyleri \u0130lk Bulu\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesiyle birlikte Michigan’daki Port Huron’a yerle\u015fen Edison, ilk\u00f6\u011frenimine burada ba\u015flad\u0131ysa da yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay sonra alg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n yava\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle okuldan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bundan sonraki \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca \u00f6zel bir \u00f6\u011fretmen taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitildi. Son derece merakl\u0131 ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip bir \u00e7ocuk olan Edison, 10 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde kendisini fizik ve kimya kitaplar\u0131na verdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu arada evlerinin kilerinde bir kimya laboratuvar\u0131 kurdu. \u00d6zellikle kimya deneylerine ve Volta kaplar\u0131ndan elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 elde etmeye y\u00f6nelik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ilgi duydu; bir s\u00fcre sonra kendi ba\u015f\u0131na bir telgraf aleti yapt\u0131 ve Mors alfabesini \u00f6\u011frendi. O g\u00fcnlerde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r bir hastal\u0131k sonucu kulaklar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fitmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nOn iki ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde ailesine yard\u0131m etmek i\u00e7in Port Huron ile Detroit aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan trende gazete satmaya ba\u015flayan Edison, evlerindeki Laboratuvar\u0131n\u0131 trenin y\u00fck vagonuna ta\u015f\u0131yarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 burada s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu d\u00f6nemde Edison, Michael Faraday’\u0131n Experimental Research in Electricity adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 okudu ve derinden etkilendi. Bunun \u00fczerine bir yandan Faraday’\u0131n deneylerini tekrarlad\u0131 bir yandan da kendi deneylerine a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vererek daha d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ve notlar tutmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1868’de kendine at\u00f6lye kurdu. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi elektrikli bir oy kay\u0131t makinesinin patentini ald\u0131. Ayg\u0131t olduk\u00e7a ilgi toplad\u0131 ama kimse taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nmad\u0131. t\u00fcm paras\u0131n\u0131 yitiren Edison Bor\u00e7 i\u00e7inde Boston’dan ayr\u0131larak New York’a yerle\u015fti. Edison’un \u015fans\u0131 alt\u0131n borsas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesinde kullan\u0131lan telgraf\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Borsa yetkililerinin istemi \u00fczerine ayg\u0131t\u0131 ustaca tamir eden Edison, Western Union Telegraph company’den geli\u015ftirilmekte olan telgrafl\u0131 kay\u0131t ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yetkinle\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapma \u00f6nerisi ald\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine bir arkada\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte Edison Universal Stock Printer m\u00fchendislik \u015firketini kurdu. Ve satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 patentlerle k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00f6nemlice bir servet edindi. Bu parayla New Jersey’deki Newark’ta bir imalathane kurarak telgraf ve telem ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra imalathanesini kapatarak New Jersey’deki Menlo Park’ta bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma laboratuvar\u0131 kurdu ve t\u00fcm zaman\u0131n\u0131 yeni bulu\u015flar yapmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ay\u0131rd\u0131.<\/strong>
\n1876’da Graham Bell’in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi konu\u015fan telgraf \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ayg\u0131ta karbondan bir iletici ekleyerek telefonu yetkinle\u015ftirdi. Ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n dinami\u011fi \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan yararlanarak 1877’de sesi kaydedip yineleyebilen gramofonu geli\u015ftirdi. Geni\u015f yank\u0131 uyand\u0131ran bu bulu\u015fu \u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn uluslar aras\u0131 d\u00fczeyde yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n1878’de William Wallace’in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 500 mum g\u00fcc\u00fcndeki ark lambas\u0131ndan etkilenen Edison, bundan daha g\u00fcvenli olan ve daha ucuz bir y\u00f6ntemle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yeni bir elektrik lambas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na giri\u015fti. Bu ama\u00e7la a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kampanyan\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6nde gelen i\u015fadamlar\u0131n\u0131n parasal deste\u011fini sa\u011flad\u0131 ve Edison Electric Light Company’yi kurdu. Oksijenle yanan elektrik ark\u0131 yerine havas\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ortamda(vakum) \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayan ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131mla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir ampul yapmay\u0131 tasarl\u0131yordu. Bu ama\u00e7la 13 ay boyunca flaman olarak kullanabilece\u011fi bir metal tel yapmaya u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131. Sonunda 21 Ekim 1879’da \u00f6zel y\u00fcksek voltajl\u0131 elektrik \u00fcrete\u00e7lerinden elde etti\u011fi ak\u0131mla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan karbon flamanl\u0131 elektrik ampul\u00fcn\u00fc halka tan\u0131tt\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra New York sokaklar\u0131 bu lambalarla ayd\u0131nlanacakt\u0131.
\n1887’de Menlo Park’tan New Jersey’deki West Orange’a ta\u015f\u0131nan Edison burada \u00f6nceki <\/b>laboratuvarlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/b><\/span> on kat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Edison Laboratuvar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. 1890’lara do\u011fru uzun erimli iletime daha uygun olan alternatif ak\u0131m geli\u015ftirildi. Do\u011fru ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne inanan Edison, bir kampanya ba\u015flatarak kamuoyunu, y\u00fcksek gerilimli alternatif ak\u0131m sistemlerinin son derece tehlikeli oldu\u011fu yolunda uyarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1892’de ise Edison General Electric Company’nin denetimini yitirdi. Ve \u015firketi General Electric Company ile birle\u015fti<\/b>.
\n\u0130ki kez evlenen Edison’un alt\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu. Ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n sonuna de\u011fin yeni bulu\u015flar yapmak i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f verdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Edison’un \u0130lk Deneyleri \u0130lk Bulu\u015flar\u0131 Yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesiyle birlikte Michigan’daki Port Huron’a yerle\u015fen Edison, ilk\u00f6\u011frenimine burada ba\u015flad\u0131ysa da yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ay sonra alg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n yava\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle okuldan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bundan sonraki \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca \u00f6zel bir \u00f6\u011fretmen taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitildi. Son derece merakl\u0131 ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip bir \u00e7ocuk olan Edison, 10 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde kendisini fizik ve kimya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilimteknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116\/revisions\/121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}