{"id":337,"date":"2023-01-23T16:55:25","date_gmt":"2023-01-23T16:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/?p=337"},"modified":"2023-01-23T17:16:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-23T17:16:31","slug":"dogal-afetler-ve-afet-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/dogal-afetler-ve-afet-yonetimi.html","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fal Afetler ve Afet Y\u00f6netimi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Do\u011fal Afetler ve Afet Y\u00f6netimi<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Do\u011fal afetler, deprem, sel, toprak kaymas\u0131 (heyelan), \u00e7\u0131\u011f, f\u0131rt\u0131na, hortum, volkan, yang\u0131n gibi<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>ani olu\u015fan ve erozyon ve \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, kurakl\u0131k, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, k\u0131tl\u0131k, a\u00e7l\u0131k,<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u015fiddetli so\u011fuklar gibi uzun s\u00fcrede olu\u015fan do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/strong> Do\u011fal afetlere kar\u015f\u0131<br \/>\nyeterli d\u00fczeyde \u00f6nlemler \u00f6nceden al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u00fclkelerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmalar\u0131<br \/>\n\u00fczerinde olumsuz etkileri olabilir.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-338 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dogal-afetler.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"673\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dogal-afetler.jpg 673w, https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dogal-afetler-300x259.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px\" \/><br \/>\nDo\u011fal afetler ve afet y\u00f6netimi konusunda; ya\u015fanabilecek do\u011fal afetlerin \u00f6nceden tahminine,<br \/>\ndo\u011fal afetler hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirme yapmaya, do\u011fal afetler konusunda uyar\u0131lar olu\u015fturmaya,<br \/>\nya\u015fanabilecek bir afet durumunda gerekli makamlara ve kurtarma birimlerine otomatik olarak<br \/>\nbildirim yapabilecek sistemlerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na, insanlar\u0131n do\u011fal afetler konusunda<br \/>\nbilin\u00e7lendirilmesine, do\u011fal afetlerin \u00f6nlenmesine ve zararlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik projeler<br \/>\nhaz\u0131rlanabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do\u011fal afet, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda veya tamamen insanlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, mal ve can kayb\u0131na neden olabilen, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir tehlike ve olay&#8217;d\u0131r. Antropojenik tehlike t\u00fcrleri de buna neden olabilir. Bu zaman devlet taraf\u0131ndan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l veya soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 uygulanabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fal afetler, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ve insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan tehdit eden, tamamen do\u011fal nedenlerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan felaketlere verilen genel isimdir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda ihmal, dikkatsizlik, \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi gibi do\u011frudan do\u011fruya insanlar\u0131n kilit rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedenlerle de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Do\u011fal afetler ka\u00e7 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><br \/>\nDo\u011fal afetler, geli\u015fme h\u0131zlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, yava\u015f geli\u015fen ve ani geli\u015fen do\u011fal afetler olmak \u00fczere iki temel gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Afet; insanlar i\u00e7in fiziksel, ekonomik ve sosyal kay\u0131plar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan, insan\u0131n normal ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve eylemlerini durduracak veya kesintiye u\u011fratacak, imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaylara verilen genel bir isimdir. B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda veya tamamen insanlar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen afetler, kitlesel bir can ve mal kayb\u0131na neden olur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir olay\u0131n afet olarak nitelendirilebilmesi i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131 veya insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7evreyi etkili bi\u00e7imde etkileyecek kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Buradan yola \u00e7\u0131karsak afet bir olaydan ziyade bir olay\u0131n do\u011furdu\u011fu sonu\u00e7tur.<\/p>\n<p>Afetlerin do\u011furdu\u011fu sonu\u00e7lara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; en ba\u015fta can ve mal kayb\u0131na neden olduklar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Can kay\u0131plar\u0131 insan ve hayvanlar\u0131n \u00f6lmesi; mal kay\u0131plar\u0131 ise e\u015fya bina ve tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesidir. Kay\u0131plar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 do\u011frudan hemen afetle birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise belirli bir s\u00fcre sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin sel s\u0131ras\u0131nda can ve mal kayb\u0131 meydana gelmektedir. Ancak sel bask\u0131n\u0131ndan sonra sellerin getirdikleri moloz, kum ve \u00e7amur tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 verimsizle\u015ftirerek dolayl\u0131 ve uzun s\u00fcreli zararlar da meydana getirebilmektedirler. Baz\u0131 afet t\u00fcrleri, yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn belirli yerlerinde ve belirli zamanlarda daha s\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131karlar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Kurakl\u0131k<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>K\u0131tl\u0131k, a\u00e7l\u0131k<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Erozyon ve \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Depremler<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Sel ve su ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Toprak kaymalar\u0131, heyelan<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00c7\u0131\u011f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>F\u0131rt\u0131na, hortum ve kas\u0131rgalar<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Yanarda\u011f patlamalar\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ve ula\u015f\u0131m kazalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Do\u011fal Afet An\u0131nda Sakin ve Bilin\u00e7li Olunmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/strong> Do\u011fal afet an\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi heyecanla hareket ederek bilin\u00e7siz davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum do\u011fal afetten ka\u00e7arken yaralanmalara ve hatta \u00f6l\u00fcmlere yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 do\u011fal afet an\u0131nda sakin kalmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yararl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Bilin\u00e7li olarak hareket eden ki\u015filer do\u011fal afet an\u0131nda hem kendine hem de \u00e7evresine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do\u011fal Afetler ve Afet Y\u00f6netimi Do\u011fal afetler, deprem, sel, toprak kaymas\u0131 (heyelan), \u00e7\u0131\u011f, f\u0131rt\u0131na, hortum, volkan, yang\u0131n gibi ani olu\u015fan ve erozyon ve \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, kurakl\u0131k, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, k\u0131tl\u0131k, a\u00e7l\u0131k, \u015fiddetli so\u011fuklar gibi uzun s\u00fcrede olu\u015fan do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Do\u011fal afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 yeterli d\u00fczeyde \u00f6nlemler \u00f6nceden al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u00fclkelerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[147,145,146,152,149,148,144,143,142,153,154,150,151,155,156],"class_list":["post-337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-proje","tag-afet","tag-afet-yonetimi","tag-afetler","tag-cig","tag-deprem","tag-dogal","tag-dogal-afet","tag-dogal-afetler","tag-dogal-afetler-ve-afet-yonetimi","tag-firtina","tag-hortum","tag-sel","tag-toprak-kaymasi","tag-volkan","tag-yangin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=337"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":341,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/337\/revisions\/341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gelisenbeyin.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}